Five years ago, 12-year-old Tamir Rice was shot and killed in a public park by a Cleveland police officer. The incident quickly became a rallying point for a growing national conversation about violence against black people at the hands of the police, and Rice continues to be a source of inspiration for artists.
He had just stood-up from a concrete picnic bench under a wooden gazebo at Cudell Park when a squad car pulled up along side him. The officer who shot the boy said he was reaching for a weapon, which turned out to be a replica toy gun with its orange safety tip removed. Amanda King was in law school at the time.
"I was just getting out of class," she said. "And I got an email from the Black Law Students Association saying that a child had been murdered at a recreation center on the West Side."
The event provoked a bitter debate across the country. Activists called it a murder. A Cleveland police consultant's report stated that the officer had an “objectively reasonable” motive to fire. King’s reaction was to turn to the arts as a vehicle for social change.
"That day really told me to break the rules," she said.
Her goal ever since has been to foster a new generation of social activists via the art of photography. She started an organization called “Shooting Without Bullets.” Its goal is to help young Clevelanders document the reality of their lives in pictures.
"I am very drawn to the arts, because artists are setting the moral standard for this country in a way that some lawyers and people in the legal community are not," she said.
Theaster Gates speaks with Samaria Rice, mother of Tamir Rice, at the dedication of the relocated Cudell gazebo at Chicago's Stony Island Arts Bank [Rebuild Foundation]
The Cudell gazebo where Rice was shot was removed from Cleveland in 2016 and relocated to Chicago where another artist turned it into a very different form of art. Theaster Gates is the founder of the Stony Island Arts Bank, a museum and cultural center founded on Chicago’s South Side. He arranged to have the structure moved when he heard the city of Cleveland was planning to demolish it. Julie Yost directs public programming at the museum and said the gazebo can be seen in a number of different ways.
"It's a tribute to Tamir, it is a memorial to him," she said. "But I do also think that it is more than that. It's a living object that can contextualize this ongoing issue of racial violence on black and brown young people. It's as relevant to Chicago as it is to Cleveland, unfortunately."
Rice’s story has motivated artists across the country. In 2017, Grammy-winning trumpeter Terence Blanchard staged a multi-media production in Cleveland, partially based on the boy’s death. Earlier this year, LA-based EJ Hill created an art installation in Switzerland, the “University of St. Tamir.” In 2016, a group of Cleveland playwrights collaborated on a documentary production based on original interviews, called "Objectively/Reasonable." And, last year, Chicago artist Michael Rakowitz setup a special exhibit in Cleveland related to the leaving of objects at the gazebo, such as teddy bears, candles, and handwritten letters.
"I mean, it leaves me speechless when I see a makeshift memorial anywhere, because it happens without the sanctioning or the permission of the city," he said. "Nobody says you can do this. It happens and it happens as an impulse of people's grief."
Gazebo offerings to Tamir Rice from the collection at the Stony Island Arts Bank [Rebuild Foundation]
Rakowitz’s idea was for people to collect orange-colored items from their lives so that they could be put on display in a Cleveland gallery. His objective was to highlight the removal of the orange safety tip from the toy gun that Rice was holding when he died. But Rakowitz said the accumulation of personal objects had an unanticipated significance.
"This exhibition featured the orange objects that Clevelanders would surrender as a kind of votive, as a kind of surrogate for their mourning," he said.
Rice’s mother, Samaria, also wants the arts to be a part of her son’s legacy. She’s looking to open the Tamir Rice Afrocentric Cultural Center in the city’s St. Clair-Superior Arts District. Theaster Gates, EJ Hill, Michael Rakowitz and Amanda King will be part of an event this week at the Cleveland Museum of Art to promote that effort.
"And so we as a community are going to gather and we are going to celebrate Tamir’s life and the 12 years that he lived," King said. "We are going to comfort his family and we are going to come together to talk about how do we move forward as a city, as a country. And how do we use the arts as a tool to have this conversation?"
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